ARE WE IN THE NEW COVENANT
AND WHO IS IT FOR?
There is no covenant in Scripture that’s easily identifiable as the “OLD” covenant. There are several related covenants in the Old Testament writings, where we read about covenants with Abraham, Moses and Israel, and David, and a New Covenant to be made with Israel, after the two sticks become one. God’s covenant with Abraham promised him his seed would be as numerous as the stars, “so shall your offspring be” (Gen 15:5).
A Covenant is a promise or agreement between two or more parties, often under seal or guarantee, that specifies certain activities that will or will not be carried out. Covenants can have different meanings in different contexts.Covenants are formal arrangements between God and people or groups. Each covenant establishes the basis of a relationship, including promises, conditions, and consequences.
The Sinaitic Covenant, is conditional in nature. That is, this covenant will bring either Blessings or Curses depending on Israel’s obedience or disobedience.
Statutes and Judgements were to be done in the land of inheritance, some of these were to only be done in the land and required to be done with the Levitical priesthood.
Deuteronomy 4:1–2
“Now therefore hearken, O Israel, unto the STATUTES and unto the JUDGEMENTS, which I teach you, for to do them, that ye may live, and go in and POSESS THE LAND which the LORD God of your fathers giveth you.
Ye shall NOT ADD unto the WORD which I COMMAND YOU, neither shall ye DIMINISH ought from it, that ye may KEEP THE COMMANDMENTS of the LORD your God which I COMMAND YOU.”
Deuteronomy 4:5–6
“Behold, I have taught you STATUTES and JUDGEMENTS, even as the LORD my God commanded me, that ye should do so IN THE LAND whither ye go to possess it. Keep therefore and do them; for this is your wisdom and your understanding in the sight of the nations, which shall hear all these STATUTES, and say, Surely this great nation is a WISE and UNDERSTANDING PEOPLE.”
Deuteronomy 4:13–14
“And he declared unto you his COVENANT, which he commanded you to perform, even TEN COMMANDMENTS; and he wrote them upon TWO TABLES OF STONES.
– – Here is the switch – –
AND the LORD commanded me at that time to teach you STATUTES and JUDGEMENTS, that ye might do them IN THE LAND whither ye go over to possess it.”
Moses prophesied that they will be scattered, and how to return to the father in the latter days.
Deuteronomy 4:27–31
“And the LORD shall SCATTER you among the NATIONS, and ye shall be left few in number among the HEATHEN, whither the LORD shall lead you. And there ye shall serve gods, the work of men’s hands, wood and stone, which neither see, nor hear, nor eat, nor smell.
But if from thence thou shalt seek the LORD thy God, thou shalt find him, if thou seek him with all thy HEART and with all thy SOUL. When thou art IN TRIBULATION, and all these things are come upon thee, even in the LATTER DAYS, if thou turn to the LORD thy God, and shalt be OBEDIENT unto his VOICE; (for the LORD thy God is a merciful God;) he will not forsake thee, neither destroy thee, nor forget the COVENANT of thy FATHERS which he sware unto them.”
Deuteronomy 5:1–3
“And Moses called all Israel, and said unto them, Hear, O Israel, the STATUTES and JUDGEMENTS which I speak in your ears this day, that ye may learn them, and keep, and do them.
– – Here is the switch – –
The LORD our God made a covenant with us in HOREB. The LORD made not this COVENANT with our FATHERS, BUT WITH US, even us, who are all of us here alive this day.”
Leviticus 23:10–14
“Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, When ye be come INTO THE LAND which I give unto you, and shall reap the harvest thereof, then ye shall bring a sheaf of the firstfruits of your harvest unto the priest: and he shall wave the sheaf before the LORD, to be accepted for you: ….”
Deuteronomy 12:1
“THESE ARE the STATUTES and JUDGEMENTS, which ye shall observe to do IN THE LAND, which the LORD God of thy fathers giveth thee to POSSESS IT, all the days that ye live upon the earth.”
Deuteronomy 12:4-11
“Ye shall not do so unto the LORD your God. But unto the place which the LORD your God shall choose out of all your tribes to put his name there, even unto his habitation shall ye seek, and thither thou shalt come: and thither ye shall bring your burnt offerings, and your sacrifices, and your tithes, and heave offerings of your hand, and your vows, and your freewill offerings, and the firstlings of your herds and of your flocks: and there ye shall eat before the LORD your God, and ye shall rejoice in all that ye put your hand unto, ye and your households, wherein the LORD thy God hath blessed thee. Ye shall not do after all the things that we do here this day, every man whatsoever is RIGHT IN HIS OWN EYES. For ye are NOT AS YET come to the rest and to the inheritance, which the LORD your God giveth you. But when ye go over Jordan, and DWELL IN THE LAND which the LORD your God giveth you to inherit, and when he giveth you rest from all your enemies round about, so that ye dwell in safety; THEN there shall be a place which the LORD your God shall choose to ✨CAUSE HIS NAME TO DWELL THERE✨; thither shall ye bring all that I command you; your BURNT OFFERINGS, and your SACRIFICES, your TITHES, and the HEAVE OFFERINGS of your hand, and all your CHOICE VOWS which ye vow unto the LORD:”
Deuteronomy 12:32
“What thing soever I command you, observe to do it: thou shalt not add thereto, nor diminish from it.”
- Edenic Covenant
- Adamic Covenant
- Noahic Covenant
- Abrahamic Covenant
- Horeb Covenant
- Sinaitic Covenant
- Covenant of Salt
- Sabbath Covenant
- New ( Millennial ) Covenant
It is Finished
Leviticus 26:46
“These are the statutes and judgments and laws, which the LORD made between him and the children of Israel in mount Sinai by the hand of Moses.”
Deuteronomy 31:24–26
“And it came to pass, when Moses had made an end of writing the words of this law in a book, until they were finished, that Moses commanded the Levites, which bare the ark of the covenant of the LORD, saying, Take this book of the law, and put it in the side of the ark of the covenant of the LORD your God, that it may be there for a witness against thee.”
Exodus 31:18
“And he gave unto Moses, when he had made an end of communing with him upon mount Sinai, two tables of testimony, tables of stone, written with the finger of God.”
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Isaiah 8:16–17
“Bind up the TESTIMONY,
SEAL the LAW among my DISCIPLES. And I will wait upon the LORD, that hideth his face from the house of JACOB,
and I will look for him.”
Isaiah 28:9–13
“Whom shall he teach KNOWLEDGE? and whom shall he make to UNDERSTAND DOCTRINE? them that are WEANED from the MILK, and drawn from the BREASTS. For precept must be upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little, and there a little: for with stammering lips and another tongue will he speak to this people.
To whom he said, This is the REST wherewith ye may cause the weary to REST; and this is the REFRESHING: yet they would not hear.
But the WORD of the LORD was unto them precept upon precept, precept upon precept; line upon line, line upon line; here a little, and there a little; that they might go, and FALL BACKWARD, and be BROKEN, and SNARED, and TAKEN.”
Isaiah 8:14–15
“And he shall be for a sanctuary; but for a STONE of STUMBLING and for a ROCK of OFFENSE to BOTH the HOUSES OF ISRAEL, for a gin and for a snare to the inhabitants of Jerusalem.
And many among them shall STUMBLE, and FALL, and be BROKEN, and be SNARED, and be TAKEN.”
Isaiah 8:20
“To the LAW and to the TESTIMONY: if they speak not according to this WORD, it is because there is no LIGHT in them.”
Romans 9:30–33
“What shall we say then? That the Gentiles, which followed not after RIGHTEOUSNESS, have attained to RIGHTEOUSNESS, even the RIGHTEOUSNESS which is of FAITH. But Israel, which followed after the LAW of RIGHTEOUSNESS, hath not attained to the LAW of RIGHTEOUSNESS. Wherefore? Because they sought it not by FAITH, but as it were by the WORKS of the LAW. For they STUMBLED at that STUMBLINGSTONE; as it is written, Behold, I lay in Sion a STUMBLINGSTONE and ROCK of OFFENSE: And whosoever BELIEVETH on him shall not be ashamed.”
1 Peter2:1–10
“Wherefore laying aside all malice, and all guile, and hypocrisies, and envies, and all evil speakings, as newborn babes, desire the sincere milk of the word, that ye may grow thereby: To whom coming, as unto a living stone, disallowed indeed of men, but chosen of God, and precious, ye also, as lively stones, are built up a spiritual house, an holy priesthood, to offer up spiritual sacrifices, acceptable to God by Jesus Christ. Wherefore also it is contained in the scripture, Behold, I lay in Sion a chief corner stone, elect, precious: And he that believeth on him shall not be confounded. Unto you therefore which believe he is precious: but unto them which be disobedient, The stone which the builders disallowed, The same is made the head of the corner, and A stone of stumbling, and a rock of offence, even to them which stumble at the word, being disobedient: whereunto also they were appointed. But ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, an holy nation, a peculiar people; that ye should shew forth the praises of him who hath called you out of darkness into his marvellous light: which in time past were not a people, but are now the people of God: which had not obtained mercy, but now have obtained mercy.”
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We see God Renewing, Restoring, or Refreshing – not replacing – the Covenant with his people.
Many miss the requisites needed for the Jeremiah 31:31 Covenant: Term, Time, and Text.
Jeremiah 31:31–34
“Behold, the DAYS COME, saith the LORD, that I will make a
NEW COVENANT with the HOUSE of ISRAEL, and with the HOUSE of JUDAH: not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers in the day that I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt; which my covenant they brake, although I was an husband unto them, saith the LORD: but this shall be the COVENANT that I will make with the HOUSE of ISRAEL; After those days, saith the LORD, I will put my LAW in their inward parts, and write it in their HEARTS; and will be their God, and they shall be my people. And they shall TEACH NO MORE every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know the LORD: for they shall all know me, from the least of them unto the greatest of them, saith the LORD: for I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.”
H2319 – Chadash
חָדָשׁ
châdâsh
khaw-dawsh’
From H2318; new: – FRESH, new thing.
– – From Root – –
H2318
חָדַשׁ
châdash
khaw-dash’
A primitive root; to be new; causatively to REBUILD: – RENEW, REPAIR.
The Term – “New”
Both the Hebrew Chadash ( Jeremiah 31:31 ) and the Greek Kainos ( Hebrews 8:8 ) words for “NEW” is properly translated “RENEWED” as opposed to “NEW” or “BRAND-NEW” in certain contexts.
Chadash may mean New in Quality, not new in Time depending on context:
( 1 Samuel 11:14; 2 Chronicles 15:8; 24:4, 12; Job 10:7; Psalms 103:5; 104:30; Isaiah 61:4; Lamantations 5:21 ).
It also means to “RENEW” or “REPAIR” )
For instance, in Psalms 51:10 David says:
Psalms 51:10
“Create in me a clean heart, O God; and RENEW a right spirit within me.”
David uses the same word as in Jeremiah 31:31 ( Chadash ). David was not asking for something brand-new, but was asking for a Renewal of what he had previously.
In 2 Chronicles 24:4, 12 we see the use of the terms Repair and Restore:
2 Chronicles24:4
“And it came to pass after this, that Joash was minded to REPAIR the house of the LORD.”
( root: Chadash ) with the already existent house of the Lord.
So, in all these verses, there is a Renewal, a Repairing, a Restoring of that which was already in existence.
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Jeremiah 30:7–10
“Alas! for that day is great, so that none is like it: it is even the time of JACOB’s TROUBLE; but he shall be saved out of it. For it shall come to pass in that day, saith the LORD of hosts, that I will break his yoke from off thy neck, and will burst thy bonds, and strangers shall no more serve themselves of him: but they shall serve the LORD their God, and David their king, whom I will raise up unto them. Therefore fear thou not, O my SERVANT JACOB, saith the LORD; neither be dismayed, O Israel: for, lo, I will save thee from afar, and thy seed from the land of their captivity; and JACOB shall return, and shall be in rest, and be quiet, and none shall make him afraid.”
Jeremiah 30:18–20
“Thus saith the LORD; Behold, I will bring again the captivity of Jacob’s tents, and have mercy on his dwellingplaces; and the CITY shall be builded upon her own HEAP, and the palace shall remain after the manner thereof. And out of them shall proceed thanksgiving and the voice of them that make merry: and I will multiply them, and they shall not be few; I will also glorify them, and they shall not be small. Their children also shall be as aforetime, and their congregation shall be established before me, and I will punish all that oppress them.”
Jeremiah 30:22–24
“And ye shall be my people, and I will be your God. Behold, the WHIRLWIND of the LORD goeth forth with fury, a continuing WHIRLWIND: it shall fall with pain upon the head of the wicked. The fierce anger of the LORD shall not return, until he have done it, and until he have performed the intents of his heart: in the latter days ye shall consider it.”
Jeremiah 31:1–14
“At the SAME TIME, saith the LORD, will I be the God of all the families of Israel, and they shall be my people. Thus saith the LORD, The people which were left of the sword found GRACE in the WILDERNESS; even Israel, when I went to cause him to rest. The LORD hath appeared of old unto me, saying, Yea, I have loved thee with an everlasting love: therefore with lovingkindness have I drawn thee. Again I will build thee, and thou shalt be BUILT, O VIRGIN of ISRAEL: thou shalt again be adorned with thy tabrets, and shalt go forth in the dances of them that make merry. Thou shalt yet plant vines upon the mountains of Samaria: the planters shall plant, and shall eat them as common things. For there shall be a day, that the WATCHMEN upon the mount EPHRAIM shall cry, Arise ye, and let us go up to Zion unto the LORD our God. For thus saith the LORD; Sing with gladness for Jacob, and shout among the chief of the nations: publish ye, praise ye, and say, O LORD, save thy people, the REMNANT OF ISRAEL. Behold, I will bring them from the north country, and gather them from the coasts of the earth, and with them the blind and the lame, the WOMAN with CHILD and her that TRAVAILETH with CHILD TOGETHER: a great company shall return thither. They shall come with weeping, and with supplications will I lead them: I will cause them to walk by the rivers of waters in a straight way, wherein they shall not stumble: for I am a father to Israel, and EPHRAIM is my FIRSTBORN. Hear the word of the LORD, O ye nations, and declare it in the isles afar off, and say, He that scattered Israel will gather him, and keep him, as a shepherd doth his flock. For the LORD hath REDEEMED Jacob, and ransomed him from the hand of him that was stronger than he. Therefore they shall come and sing in the height of Zion, and shall flow together to the goodness of the LORD, for wheat, and for wine, and for oil, and for the young of the flock and of the herd: and their soul shall be as a watered garden; and they shall not sorrow any more at all. Then shall the VIRGIN REJOICE in the dance, both young men and old together: for I will turn their mourning into joy, and will comfort them, and make them rejoice from their sorrow. And I will satiate the soul of the priests with fatness, and my people shall be satisfied with my goodness, saith the LORD.”
Isaiah 30:20–22
“And though the Lord give you the bread of adversity, and the water of affliction, yet shall not thy teachers be removed into a corner any more, but thine eyes shall SEE THY TEACHERS: and thine ears shall hear a word behind thee, saying, This is the way, walk ye in it, when ye turn to the right hand, and when ye turn to the left. Ye shall defile also the covering of thy GRAVEN IMAGES of SILVER, and the ornament of thy molten images of GOLD: thou shalt CAST THEM AWAY as a menstruous cloth; thou shalt say unto it, Get thee hence.”
Jeremiah 31:16–34
“Thus saith the LORD; Refrain thy voice from weeping, and thine eyes from tears: for thy work shall be rewarded, saith the LORD; and they shall come again from the land of the enemy. And there is hope in thine end, saith the LORD, that thy children shall come again to their own border. I have surely heard Ephraim bemoaning himself thus; Thou hast chastised me, and I was chastised, as a bullock unaccustomed to the yoke: turn thou me, and I shall be turned; for thou art the LORD my God. Surely after that I was turned, I repented; and after that I was instructed, I smote upon my thigh: I was ashamed, yea, even confounded, because I did bear the reproach of my youth. Is Ephraim my dear son? is he a pleasant child? for since I spake against him, I do earnestly remember him still: therefore my bowels are troubled for him; I will surely have MERCY upon him, saith the LORD. Set thee up waymarks, make thee high heaps: set thine heart toward the HIGHWAY, even the way which thou wentest: turn again, O virgin of Israel, turn again to these thy cities. How long wilt thou go about, O thou backsliding daughter? for the LORD hath created a new thing in the earth, A WOMAN shall compass a MAN. Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel; As yet they shall use this speech in the land of Judah and in the cities thereof, when I shall bring again their CAPTIVITY; The LORD bless thee, O habitation of justice, and mountain of holiness. And there shall dwell in Judah itself, and in all the cities thereof together, husbandmen, and they that go forth with flocks. For I have satiated the weary soul, and I have replenished every sorrowful soul. Upon this I awaked, and beheld; and my sleep was sweet unto me. Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will sow the HOUSE OF ISRAEL and the HOUSE OF JUDAH with the seed of man, and with the seed of beast. And it shall come to pass, that like as I have watched over them, to pluck up, and to break down, and to throw down, and to destroy, and to afflict; so will I watch over them, to build, and to plant, saith the LORD. In those days they shall say no more, The fathers have eaten a sour grape, and the children’s teeth are set on edge. But every one shall die for his own iniquity: every man that eateth the sour grape, his teeth shall be set on edge. Behold, the DAYS COME, saith the LORD, that I will make a NEW COVENANT with the HOUSE OF ISRAEL, and with the HOUSE OF JUDAH: NOT according to the COVENANT that I made with their FATHERS in the day that I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt; which my COVENANT THEY BRAKE, although I was an husband unto them, saith the LORD: but this shall be the COVENANT that I will make with the HOUSE OF ISRAEL; After those days, saith the LORD, I will put my LAW in their INWARD PARTS, and WRITE IT in their HEARTS; and will be their God, and they shall be my people. And they shall TEACH NO MORE every man his neighbour, and every man his brother, saying, Know YEHOVAH: for they shall all know me, from the least of them unto the greatest of them, saith the LORD: for I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.”
What Jeremiah 31:31-34 says about Itself
“The time is coming,” declares the LORD, “when I will make a new ( Chadash – renewed or new in Quality, Time is after consummation of all things. ) Covenant with the HOUSE of ISRAEL and with the HOUSE of JUDAH.
This is when he writes the Law of God onto our hearts so we cannot transgress anymore. This covenant is only with the two houses, and the two sticks are becoming one at the wedding supper.
No one will have to teach each other of Yehovah because all will know him.
Yeshua will be King over everyone.
This is not what we see going on today.
Ezekiel 36:19–30
“and I scattered them among the heathen, and they were dispersed through the countries: according to their way and according to their doings I judged them. And when they entered unto the heathen, whither they went, they PROFANED my HOLY NAME, when they said to them, These are the people of the LORD, and are gone forth out of his land. But I had pity for mine HOLY NAME, which the house of Israel had PROFANED among the HEATHEN, whither they went. Therefore say unto the house of Israel, Thus saith the Lord GOD; I do not this for your sakes, O house of Israel, but for mine HOLY NAME’s SAKE, which ye have profaned among the heathen, whither ye went. And I will sanctify my great name, which was PROFANED among the HEATHEN, which ye have PROFANED in the midst of them; and the heathen shall know that I am the YEHOVAH, saith the Lord GOD, when I shall be sanctified in you before their eyes. For I will take you from among the heathen, and gather you out of all countries, and will bring you into your own land. Then will I sprinkle clean water upon you, and ye shall be clean: from all your filthiness, and from all your IDOLS, will I cleanse you. A NEW HEART also will I give you, and a NEW SPIRIT will I put within you: and I will take away the STONY HEART out of your FLESH, and I will give you an HEART OF FLESH. And I will put MY SPIRIT within you, and cause you to walk in my STATUTES, and ye shall keep my JUDGEMENTS, and do them. And ye shall dwell in the land that I gave to your fathers; and ye shall be my people, and I will be your God. I will also save you from all your uncleannesses: and I will call for the corn, and will increase it, and lay no famine upon you. And I will multiply the fruit of the tree, and the increase of the field, that ye shall receive no more reproach of famine among the heathen.”
Hosea 2:8–23
“For she did not know that I gave her corn, and wine, and oil, and multiplied her silver and gold, which they prepared for BAAL. Therefore will I return, and take away my corn in the time thereof, and my wine in the season thereof, and will recover my WOOL and my FLAX given to cover her nakedness. And now will I discover her lewdness in the sight of her lovers, and none shall deliver her out of mine hand. I will also cause all her mirth to cease, her feast days, her new moons, and her sabbaths, and all her solemn feasts. And I will destroy her vines and her fig trees, whereof she hath said, These are my rewards that my lovers have given me: and I will make them a forest, and the beasts of the field shall eat them. And I will visit upon her the days of Baalim, wherein she burned incense to them, and she decked herself with her earrings and her jewels, and she went after her lovers, and forgat me, saith the LORD. Therefore, behold, I will allure her, and bring her into the WILDERNESS, and speak comfortably unto her. And I will give her her vineyards from thence, and the valley of Achor for a door of hope: and she shall sing there, as in the days of her youth, and as in the day when she came up out of the land of Egypt. And it shall be at that day, saith the LORD, that thou shalt call me ISHI; and shalt call me no more BAALI. For I will take away the NAMES of BAALIM out of her mouth, and they shall NO MORE be remembered by THEIR NAME. And in that day will I make a covenant for them with the beasts of the field, and with the fowls of heaven, and with the creeping things of the ground: and I will break the bow and the sword and the battle out of the earth, and will make them to lie down safely. And I will betroth thee unto me for ever; yea, I will betroth thee unto me in righteousness, and in judgment, and in lovingkindness, and in mercies. I will even betroth thee unto me in faithfulness: and thou shalt know the LORD. And it shall come to pass in that day, I will hear, saith the LORD, I will hear the heavens, and they shall hear the earth; and the earth shall hear the corn, and the wine, and the oil; and they shall hear Jezreel. And I will sow her unto me in the earth; and I will have MERCY upon her that had NOT OBTAINED MERCY; and I will say to them which were not my people, Thou art my people; and they shall say, Thou art my God.”
Ezekiel 36:34–35
“And the desolate land shall be tilled, whereas it lay desolate in the sight of all that passed by. And they shall say, This land that was desolate is become like the GARDEN OF EDEN; and the waste and desolate and ruined cities are become fenced, and are inhabited.”
Ezekiel 37:1–28
“The hand of the LORD was upon me, and carried me out in the spirit of the LORD, and set me down in the midst of the valley which was full of bones, and caused me to pass by them round about: and, behold, there were very many in the open valley; and, lo, they were very dry. And he said unto me, Son of man, can these bones live? And I answered, O Lord GOD, thou knowest. Again he said unto me, Prophesy upon these bones, and say unto them, O ye dry bones, hear the word of the LORD. Thus saith the Lord GOD unto these bones; Behold, I will cause breath to enter into you, and ye shall live: and I will lay sinews upon you, and will bring up flesh upon you, and cover you with skin, and put breath in you, and ye shall live; and ye shall know that I am the LORD. So I prophesied as I was commanded: and as I prophesied, there was a noise, and behold a shaking, and the bones came together, bone to his bone. And when I beheld, lo, the sinews and the flesh came up upon them, and the skin covered them above: but there was no breath in them. Then said he unto me, Prophesy unto the wind, prophesy, son of man, and say to the wind, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Come from the four winds, O breath, and breathe upon these slain, that they may live. So I prophesied as he commanded me, and the breath came into them, and they lived, and stood up upon their feet, an exceeding GREAT ARMY. Then he said unto me, Son of man, these bones are the WHOLE HOUSE OF ISRAEL behold, they say, Our bones are dried, and our hope is lost: we are cut off for our parts. Therefore prophesy and say unto them, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, O my people, I will open your graves, and cause you to come up out of your graves, and bring you into the land of Israel. And ye shall know that I am the LORD, when I have opened your graves, O my people, and brought you up out of your graves, and shall put my spirit in you, and ye shall live, and I shall place you in your own land: then shall ye know that I the LORD have spoken it, and performed it, saith the LORD. The word of the LORD came again unto me, saying, Moreover, thou son of man, take thee one stick, and write upon it, For JUDAH, and for the CHILDREN OF ISRAEL his companions: then take another stick, and write upon it, For JOSEPH, the STICK OF EPHRAIM, and for all the HOUSE OF ISRAEL his companions: and join them one to another into ONE STICK; and they shall become one in thine hand. And when the children of thy people shall speak unto thee, saying, Wilt thou not shew us what thou meanest by these? Say unto them, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, I will take the stick of JOSEPH, which is in the hand of EPHRAIM, and the TRIBES of ISRAEL his fellows, and will put them with him, even with the stick of JUDAH, and make them ONE STICK, and they shall be one in mine hand. And the sticks whereon thou writest shall be in thine hand before their eyes. And say unto them, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, I will take the children of Israel from among the heathen, whither they be gone, and will gather them on every side, and bring them into their own land: and I will make them ONE NATION in the land upon the mountains of Israel; and ONE KING shall be king to them all: and they shall be no more two nations, neither shall they be divided into two kingdoms any more at all: neither shall they defile themselves any more with their idols, nor with their detestable things, nor with any of their transgressions: but I will save them out of all their dwellingplaces, wherein they have sinned, and will CLEANSE THEM: so shall they be my people, and I will be their God. And DAVID my SERVANT shall be KING over them; and they all shall have one shepherd: they shall also walk in my judgments, and observe my statutes, and do them. And they shall dwell in the land that I have given unto
JACOB MY SERVANT, wherein your fathers have dwelt; and they shall dwell therein, even they, and their children, and their children’s children for ever: and my SERVANT DAVID shall be their PRINCE FOREVER. Moreover I will make a covenant of peace with them; it shall be an EVERLASTING COVENANT with them: and I will place them, and multiply them, and will set MY SANCTUARY in the midst of them for evermore. My tabernacle also shall be with them: yea, I will be their God, and they shall be my people. And the heathen shall know that I the LORD do sanctify Israel, when my sanctuary shall be in the midst of them for evermore.”
Psalm 45:13–17
“The KINGS’s DAUGHTER is all glorious within: Her clothing is of wrought gold. She shall be brought unto the KING in raiment of needlework: The VIRGINS her COMPANIONS that follow her shall be brought unto thee. With gladness and rejoicing shall they be brought: They shall enter into the KINGS’s PALACE. Instead of thy fathers shall be thy children, Whom thou mayest make PRINCES in all the earth. I will make thy NAME to be remembered in all generations: Therefore shall the people praise thee for ever and ever.”
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The same is true for Jeremiah 31.
In the New Testament, of the eight times that “NEW” is applied to the New Covenant, seven of them use the term KAINOS – meaning “RENEWED,” or
“NEW IN QUALITY” not necessarily Time, Context of time would be millennial reign.
( Mathew 26:28; Mark 1424; Luke 22:20; 1 Corinthians 11:25; 2 Corinthians 3:6; Hebrews 8:13; 9:15 )
Luke 22:20
“Likewise also the cup after supper, saying, This cup is the NEW TESTAMENT in my blood, which is shed for you.”
Matthew 26:26–29
“And as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and blessed it, and brake it, and gave it to the disciples, and said, Take, eat; this is my body. And he took the cup, and gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, Drink ye all of it; for this is my blood of the NEW TESTAMENT, which is shed for many for the remission of sins. But I say unto you, I will NOT drink henceforth of this fruit of the vine, until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father’s kingdom.”
Luke 22:14–16
“And when the hour was come, he sat down, and the twelve apostles with him. And he said unto them, With desire I have desired to eat this passover with you before I suffer: for I say unto you, I will NOT any more eat thereof, until it be fulfilled in the kingdom of God.”
G2537
καινός
kainos
kahee-nos’
Of uncertain affinity; new (especially in FRESHNESS; while G3501 is properly so with respect to age): – new.
– – Root – –
G3501
νέος, νεώτερος
neos neōteros
neh’-os, neh-o’-ter-os
A primary word, including the comparative (second form); “new”, that is, (of persons) youthful, or (of things) FRESH; figuratively REGENERATE: – new, young.
kainós – properly, NEW inQUALITY(innovation), FRESH in development or opportunity – because “not found exactly like this before.”
Bible Hub
As opposed to NEOS ( meaning new in time – Hebrews 12:24 ). The use of term kainos means there was a pre-existing covenant to which Yeshua gave a qualitative difference.
Matthew 9:17
“Neither do men put NEW wine into old bottles: else the bottles break, and the wine runneth out, and the bottles perish: but they put NEW wine into new bottles, and both are preserved.”
We see the use of KAINOS more clearly in such verses as John 13:34, where the commandment to love one another was not brand-new ( i.e. NEOS ).
John 13:34–35
“A NEW commandment I give unto you, That ye love one another; as I have loved you, that ye also love one another. By this shall all men know that ye are my disciples, if ye have love one to another.”
This commandment was the very heart of the Old Covenant ( Leviticus 19:15-18 ); Yeshua simply added a new quality to the Old Covenant command, “Love your neighbor as yourself”. Another example may be helpful: When Paul was preaching Yeshua, some accused him of preaching a new doctrine:
Acts 17:18–19
“Then certain philosophers of the Epicureans, and of the Stoicks, encountered him. And some said, What will this babbler say? other some, He seemeth to be a setter forth of strange gods: because he preached unto them Jesus, and the resurrection. And they took him, and brought him unto Areopagus, saying, May we know what this new doctrine, whereof thou speakest, is?”
Here, the doctrine of Yeshua was not brand-new and had been around for some time – and not only in the New Testament as we see in Galatians:
Galatians 3:8–29
“And the scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the heathen through FAITH, preached before the GOSPEL unto ABRAHAM, saying, In thee shall ALL nations be BLESSED. So then they which be of FAITH are blessed with faithful Abraham. For as many as are of the WORKS of the LAW are under the CURSE: for it is written, Cursed is every one that continueth not in all things which are written in the BOOK IF THE LAW to do them. But that no man is justified by the LAW in the sight of God, it is evident: for, The just shall live by FAITH. And the LAW is not of FAITH: but, The man that doeth them shall live in them. Christ hath redeemed us from the CURSE of the LAW, being made a CURSE for us: for it is written, Cursed is every one that hangeth on a TREE: that the blessing of Abraham might come on the GENTILES through Jesus Christ; that we might receive the PROMISE of the SPIRIT through FAITH. Brethren, I speak after the manner of men; Though it be but a MAN’s COVENANT, yet if it be confirmed, NO MAN disannulleth, or addeth thereto. Now to Abraham and his seed were the promises made. He saith not, And to seeds, as of many; but as of one, And to thy seed, which is Christ. And this I say, that the COVENANT, that was CONFIRMED before of God in Christ, the LAW, which was four hundred and thirty years after, cannot disannul, that it should make the PROMISE of none effect. For if the inheritance be of the law, it is no more of promise: but God gave it to Abraham by promise. Wherefore then serveth the LAW? It was added because of TRANSGRESSIONS, TILL the seed should come to whom the promise was made; and it was ordained by angels in the hand of a mediator. Now a mediator is not a mediator of one, but God is one. Is the LAW then against the promises of God? GOD FORBID: for if there had been a law given which could have given life, verily RIGHTEOUSNESS should have been by the LAW. But the scripture hath concluded all under sin, that the promise by FAITH of Jesus Christ might be given to them that believe. But before faith came, we were kept UNDER THE LAW, shut up unto the faith which should afterwards be revealed. Wherefore the law was our SCHOOLMASTER to bring us unto Christ, that we might be justified by FAITH. But after that faith is come, we are no longer under a SCHOOLMASTER. For ye are all the children of God by faith in Christ Jesus. For as many of you as have been baptized into Christ have put on Christ. There is neither JEW nor GREEK, there is neither BOND nor FREE, there is neither MALE nor FEMALE: for ye are all ONE in Christ Jesus. And if ye be Christ’s, then are ye Abraham’s seed, and heirs according to the PROMISE.”
However, it was unfamiliar to his audience in Acts 17, therefore this was KAINOS, not NEOS.
As to the one verse that uses NEOS to describe the New Covenant ( Hebrews 12:24 ), it simply means Yeshua was the “brand-new” ( NEOS ) Administrator of the re-newed ( KAINOS ) covenant.
Hebrews 12:24
“and to Jesus the ( New ) MEDIATOR of the
NEW ( Refreshed ) COVENANT, and to the blood of sprinkling, that speaketh better things than that of Abel.”
The eternal covenant ( Genesis 17:9-23 ) became renewed in Yeshua ( Romans 15:8-9 ).
Romans 15:8–12
“Now I say that Jesus Christ was a MINISTER of the CIRCUMCISION for the TRUTH of God, to CONFIRM the PROMISES made unto the FATHERS: and that the GENTILES might glorify God for his MERCY; as it is written, For this cause I will confess to thee among the GENTILES, And sing unto thy name. And again he saith, Rejoice, ye GENTILES, with his people. And again, Praise the Lord, all ye Gentiles; And laud him, all ye people. And again, Esaias saith, There shall be a root of Jesse, And he that shall rise to reign over the Gentiles; In him shall the Gentiles trust.”
This is brand-new, and makes the covenant re-newal possible.
Some attempt to make the case that since the New Covenant has a better sacrifice (Heb. 9:23), mediator (Heb. 8:6; 9:15, 24;
12:24), ministration in the spirit
(2 Cor. 3:6), high priest (Heb. 7:24-28; 8:1-6), priesthood after the order of Melkizedek, (Heb. 7:24-25; 8:5; 9:1), and tabernacle made without hands (Heb. 8:1-6; 9:11, 24), this New Covenant must mean brand-new.
The Old Covenant is obsolete from the standpoint that Yeshua’s priesthood has superseded its priestly institutions.
However, the Holy Covenant is not obsolete:
Hebrews 8:13
“In that he saith, A NEW COVENANT, he hath made the first old. Now that which decayeth and waxeth old is READY to VANISH AWAY.”
Revelation 3:2–3
“Be watchful, and strengthen the things which remain, that are READY TO DIE: for I have NOT found thy WORKS PERFECT before God. Remember therefore how thou hast received and heard, and hold fast, and REPENT. If therefore thou shalt not WATCH, I will come on thee as a THEIF, and thou shalt not know what hour I will come upon thee.”
Yeshua, the administrator of the
New ( Refreshed ) Covenant, embraced the Old as relevant and even taught it to his disciples.
Matthew 19:16–22
“And, behold, one came and said unto him, Good Master, what good thing shall I do, that I may have eternal life? And he said unto him, Why callest thou me good? there is none good but one, that is, God: but if thou wilt enter into life, KEEP the COMMANDMENTS. He saith unto him, WHICH? Jesus said, Thou shalt do no MURDER, Thou shalt not commit ADULTERY, Thou shalt not STEAL, Thou shalt not BEAR FALSE WITNESS, HONOUR THY FATHER AND MOTHER: and, Thou shalt LOVE THY NEIGHBOR AS THY SELF. The young man saith unto him, All these things have I kept from my youth up: what lack I yet? Jesus said unto him, If thou wilt be perfect, go and sell that thou hast, and give to the poor, and thou shalt have treasure in heaven: and come and follow me. But when the young man heard that saying, he went away sorrowful: for he had GREAT POSSESSIONS.”
Last one was Covetousness, the 10th Commandment.
Romans 13:8–10
“Owe no man any thing, but to love one another: for he that loveth another hath fulfilled the law. For this, Thou shalt not commit ADULTERY, Thou shalt not KILL, Thou shalt not STEAL, Thou shalt not BEAR FALSE WITNESS, Thou shalt not COVET; and if there be any other commandment, it is briefly comprehended in this saying, namely, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. Love worketh no ill to his neighbour: therefore love is the fulfilling of the law.”
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1 John2:3–4
“And hereby we do know that we know HIM, if we keep HIS COMMANDMENTS. He that saith, I know HIM, and keepeth not HIS COMMANDMENTS, is a LIAR, and the TRUTH is not in him.”
1 John5:2–3
“By this we know that we love the children of GOD ( the Father ), when we LOVE God, and keep HIS COMMANDMENTS. For THIS IS THE LOVE OF GOD, that we keep his commandments: and HIS COMMANDMENTS are NOT GRIEVOUS.”
Revelation 12:17
“And the dragon was wroth with the woman, and went to make war with the remnant of her seed, which keep the commandments of God, and have the testimony of Jesus Christ.”
Revelation 14:12
“Here is the patience of the saints: here are they that keep the commandments of God, and the faith of Jesus.”
Revelation 22:14–15
“Blessed are they that do his commandments, that they may have right to the tree of life, and may enter in through the gates into the city. For without are dogs, and sorcerers, and whoremongers, and murderers, and idolaters, and whosoever loveth and maketh a lie.”
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Genesis 17:1–13
“And when Abram was ninety years old and nine, the LORD appeared to Abram, and said unto him, I am the Almighty God; walk before me, and be thou perfect. And I will make my COVENANT between me and thee, and will multiply thee exceedingly. And Abram fell on his face: and God talked with him, saying, As for me, behold, MY COVENANT is with thee, and thou shalt be a father of many nations. Neither shall thy name any more be called Abram, but thy name shall be Abraham; for a father of MANY NATIONS have I made thee. And I will make thee exceeding fruitful, and I will make NATIONS of thee, and kings shall come out of thee. And I will establish MY COVENANT between me and thee and thy seed after thee in their generations for an EVERLASTING COVENANT, to be a God unto thee, and to thy seed after thee. And I will give unto thee, and to thy seed after thee, the land wherein thou art a stranger, all the land of Canaan, for an everlasting possession; and I will be their God. And God said unto Abraham, Thou shalt keep my COVENANT therefore, thou, and thy seed after thee in their generations. This is my COVENANT, which ye shall keep, between me and you and thy seed after thee;
EVERY MAN CHILD among you shall be circumcised. And ye shall circumcise the flesh of your foreskin; and it shall be a TOKEN of the COVENANT betwixt me and you. And he that is eight days old shall be circumcised among you, EVERY MAN CHILD in your generations, he that is born in the house, or bought with money of any stranger, which is not of thy seed. He that is born in thy house, and he that is bought with thy money, must needs be circumcised: and my COVENANT shall be in your flesh for an EVERLASTING COVENANT.”
1 Corinthians7:19
“CIRCUMCISION is nothing, and UNCIRCUMCISION is nothing, but the KEEPING of the COMMANDMENTS of GOD.”
( God the Father, Yehovah )
Genesis 26:2–5
“And the LORD appeared unto him, and said, Go not down into Egypt; dwell in the land which I shall tell thee of: sojourn in this land, and I will be with thee, and will bless thee; for unto thee, and unto thy seed, I will give all these countries, and I will perform the OATH which I sware unto Abraham thy father; and I will make thy seed to multiply as the stars of heaven, and will give unto thy seed all these countries; and in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed; because that Abraham OBEYED my voice, and kept my CHARGE, my COMMANDMENTS, my STATUTES, and my LAWS.”
Hebrews 11:8–12
“By faith Abraham, when he was called to go out into a place which he should after receive for an inheritance, obeyed; and he went out, not knowing whither he went. By faith he sojourned in the land of promise, as in a strange country, dwelling in tabernacles with Isaac and Jacob, the heirs with him of the same promise: for he looked for a city which hath foundations, whose builder and maker is God. Through faith also Sara herself received strength to conceive seed, and was delivered of a child when she was past age, because she judged him faithful who had promised. Therefore sprang there even of one, and him as good as dead, so many as the stars of the sky in multitude, and as the sand which is by the sea shore innumerable.”
Romans 4:11–13
“And he received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had yet being uncircumcised: that he might be the father of all them that believe, though they be not circumcised; that RIGHTEOUSNESS might be imputed unto them also: and the father of circumcision to them who are not of the circumcision only, but who also walk in the steps of that faith of our father Abraham, which he had being yet uncircumcised. For the promise, that he should be the heir of the world, was not to Abraham, or to his seed, through the LAW, but through the RIGHTEOUSNESS of faith.”
Acts 15:4-11
“And when they were come to Jerusalem, they were received of the church, and of the apostles and elders, and they declared all things that God had done with them. But there rose up certain of the sect of the Pharisees which believed, saying, That it was needful to CIRCUMSISE them, and to command them to keep the LAW OF MOSES. And the apostles and elders came together for to consider of this matter. And when there had been much disputing, Peter rose up, and said unto them, Men and brethren, ye know how that a good while ago God made choice among us, that the GENTILES by my mouth should hear the word of the GOSPEL, and BELIEVE. And God, which knoweth the hearts, bare them witness, giving them the Holy Ghost, even as he did unto us; and put no difference between us and them, purifying their hearts by FAITH.
Now therefore why tempt ye God, to put a YOKE upon the neck of the disciples, which neither our fathers nor we were able to bear? But we believe that through the GRACE of the Lord Jesus Christ we shall be saved, even as they.”
Luke 1:67–73
“And his father Zacharias was filled with the Holy Ghost, and prophesied, saying, Blessed be the Lord God of Israel; For he hath VISITED and REDEEMED his PEOPLE, And hath raised up an horn of SALVATION for us In the house of his servant David; As he spake by the mouth of his HOLY PROPHETS, which have been since the world began: That we should be saved from our enemies, and from the hand of all that hate us; To perform the MERCYPROMISED to our fathers, And to remember his
HOLY COVENANT; The OATH which he sware to our father ABRAHAM,”
The Blessing of the Prince of the Congregation
( 1QSb ) [56]
Also called:
The Rule of the Blessing
The Master ( John the Baptist ) shall bless the Prince of the Congregation ( Yeshua ) … and shall RENEW for him the COVENANT of the Community that he may establish the kingdom of His people for ever, that he may judge the poor with righteousness and dispense justice with ( equity to the oppressed ) (Schoyen) of the land, and that he may walk perfectly before Him in all the ways [of TRUTH], and that he may establish His HOLY COVENANT at the time of the affliction of those who seek God.
May the Lord raise you up to everlasting heights, and as a fortified tower upon a high wall!
[May you smite the peoples] with the might of your hand and ravage the earth with your sceptre; may you bring death to the ungodly with the breath of your lips!
Deuteronomy 4:27–31
“And the LORD shall scatter you among the nations, and ye shall be left few in number among the heathen, whither the LORD shall lead you. And there ye shall serve gods, the work of men’s hands, WOOD and STONE, which neither see, nor hear, nor eat, nor smell. But if from thence thou shalt seek the LORD thy God, thou shalt find him, if thou seek him with all thy heart and with all thy soul. When thou art in tribulation, and all these things are come upon thee, even in the latter days, if thou turn to the LORD thy God, and shalt be obedient unto his voice; (for the LORD thy God is a merciful God;) he will not forsake thee, neither destroy thee, nor forget the COVENANT OF THY FATHERS which he sware unto them.”
Deuteronomy 7:9
“Know therefore that the LORD thy God, he is God, the faithful God, which keepeth COVENANT and MERCY with them that love him and keep his COMMANDMENTS to a THOUSAND GENERATIONS;”
Psalm 105:6–12
“O ye SEED of ABRAHAM his servant, Ye children of JACOB his CHOSEN. He is the LORD our God: His JUDGEMENTS are in all the earth. He hath remembered his COVENANT FOREVER, The word which he commanded to a THOUSAND GENERATIONS. Which COVENANT he made with Abraham, And his OATH unto Isaac; And confirmed the same unto Jacob for a LAW, And to Israel for an EVERLASTING COVENANT: Saying, Unto thee will I give the land of Canaan, The lot of your inheritance: When they were but a few men in number; Yea, very few, and strangers in it.”
Psalm 105:41–42
“He opened the ROCK, and the waters gushed out; They ran in the dry places like a river. For he remembered his HOLY PROMISE, And Abraham his servant.”
John 4:14
“but whosoever drinketh of the WATER that I shall give him shall never thirst; but the WATER that I shall give him shall be in him a well of WATER springing up into EVERLASTING LIFE.”
Deuteronomy 5:2–5
“The LORD our God made a COVENANT with us in HOREB. The LORD made not this COVENANT with our FATHERS, but with us, even us, who are all of us here alive this day. The LORD talked with you face to face in the mount out of the midst of the fire, (I stood between the LORD and you at that time, to shew you the word of the LORD: for ye were afraid by reason of the fire, and went not up into the mount;) saying,”…
1 Corinthians10:2–4
“and were all BAPTIZED unto Moses in the cloud and in the sea; and did all eat the same SPIRITUAL MEAT; and did
all drink the same
SPIRITUAL DRINK: for they
drank of that SPIRITUAL ROCK that followed them: and that ROCK was Christ.”
Matthew 7:24–27
“Therefore whosoever heareth these sayings of mine, and doeth them, I will liken him unto a WISE man, which built his house upon a ROCK: and the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that house; and it fell not: for it was founded upon a ROCK. And every one that heareth these sayings of mine, and doeth them not, shall be likened unto a FOOLISH man, which built his house upon the sand: and the rain descended, and the floods came, and the winds blew, and beat upon that house; and it fell: and great was the fall of it.”
Ephesians 2:11–15
“Wherefore remember, that ye being in time past Gentiles in the flesh, who are called UNCIRCUMCISION by that which is called the CIRCUMCISION in the flesh made by hands; that at that time ye were without Christ, being aliens from the COMMONWEALTH OF ISRAEL, and STRANGERS from the
COVENANTS OF PROMISE, having NO HOPE, and WITHOUT GOD in the world: but now in Christ Jesus ye who sometimes were far off are made nigh by the blood of Christ. For he is our peace, who hath made both one, and hath broken down the middle wall of partition between us; having abolished in his flesh the enmity, even the law of commandments contained in ORDINANCES; for to make in himself of twain one new man, so making PEACE;”
MIDDLE WALL of PARTITION
A low wall separated the Gentile Court from the Temple enclosure itself. This wall was called, ”Soreq”, in Hebrew, and had thirteen openings in it to allow Jews only to enter from the Gentile Court into the four other courts. No Gentile was permitted past this dividing wall.
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The Covenant is for All Ages:
After Adam broke the covenant ( Gen. 1:28-30; 2:15-17 ), God revealed in part the Gospel
( Gen. 3:15; Isa. 42:6; Hos. 6:6-7 ).
We see salvation promised through the promised seed ( Yeshua – Gal. 3:16 ).
We may trace this covenant through Abel (Gen. 4:4; Heb.
11:4), Enoch (Gen. 5:22-23;
Heb. 11:5), Noah (Gen. 6:8-9), and his family (Gen. 6-8).
The covenant continued to Abraham, where we see some significant expansion of it ( Gen. 12:1-3; 13:14-16; 15:18-21; 17:1-16; 22:16-18 ) and where we see God promised he would be the God of Abraham and his descendants ( Gen. 17:7 ) and that in Abraham “ALL the nations” would be Blessed ( Gen. 12:3; Rom. 4:13 ).
So, the time of the Gentiles has already been prophesied that in
Abraham – a Gentile – is God’s chosen servant to bring it forth.
The Abrahamic Covenant
continues with Isaac
(Gen. 17:19; 26:3-4), Jacob (Gen. 28:13-15; 35:12), and Jacob’s descendants (Exod. 2:24; 4:5).
Time and again Israel was reminded of this covenant
(Exod. 32:12-14; 33:1;
Lev. 26:42; Deut. 1:8; 4:31; 7:8;
9:27; 29:12-13; Josh. 21:44;
24:3-4; Psa. 105:8-10, 42-43; 2 Kings 13:23; 1 Chron. 16:15-17;
Mic. 7:20; Neh. 9:7-8, etc.).
God’s truth – God’s covenant, the Holy Covenant – stands for all time. God did not make a mistake in the Covenant and have to begin all over – we do not serve such an incompetent God.
The Abrahamic covenant
continues with Isaac (Gen. 17:19;
26:3-4), Jacob (Gen. 28:13-15;
35:12), and Jacob’s descendants (Exod. 2:24; 4:5). Time and again
Israel was reminded of this covenant (Exod. 32:12-14; 33:1;
Lev. 26:42; Deut. 1:8; 4:31; 7:8;
9:27; 29:12-13; Josh. 21:44;
24:3-4; Psa. 105:8-10, 42-43; 2 Kings 13:23; 1 Chron. 16:15-17;
Mic. 7:20; Neh. 9:7-8, etc.).
Paul and Peter both saw the Abrahamic covenant at work in the New Covenant (Gal. 3:8-9;
Acts 3:25-26).
Yeshua was not only circumcised according to the Abrahamic covenant ( Rom. 15:8-9 ), but he died on the Cross / Stake in order that the blessing given to Abraham might come to the Gentiles ( Gal. 3:13-14 ).
Abraham is the father of all that believe ( Rom. 4:11-12 ); they are Abraham’s seed ( Gal. 3:29 ).
Even the future state of glory is expressed in Abrahamic terms (Matt. 8:11).
And the Abrahamic covenant was not set aside by the Mosiac covenant ( Galatians 3:16-18 ).
So those who have faith are blessed along with Abraham, the man of faith.
So, in Scripture, we observe one covenant expanding throughout history. Similar to viewing a tree in its life-cycle, in the pages of the Bible the stages of God’s one covenant are unfolded for us in redemptive history.
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The Re-newed Covenant is the continuation of the everlasting covenant. While there is a brand-new Administrator in the New Covenant.
Many have assumed since the terms Old Covenant and New Covenant seem so drastically opposed to one another
( “OLD “vs. “NEW” ) that they suggest two entirely different covenants. Nothing could be further from the truth!
The Old Covenant is a term used to refer to the administration of the Covenant under the Levitical Priests and Sacrifices, Renewed or Refreshed Covenant refers to the administration under Yeshua, through the spirit of Grace and Truth. The church calls the Old Testament writings the Old Covenant and does not pertain to them but this is the farthest thing from the Truth.
Judah turned Moses’ writings into a system of works righteousness. As we see in the Pharisees.
As we see in the Old Testament, except for a faithful remnant, Israel reduced the Law to an external written code; the Jews had 613 Mitzvot or commandments.
By contrast, Yeshua and his apostles reasserted the inward, spiritual nature of obedience as Moses had originally intended ( Deut. 30:1-20 ). So, Moses’ covenant was always intended to look forward to a grand re-newal we now call the Refreshed or Renewed Covenant, the Holy Covenant.
Isaiah 28:12
“To whom he said, This is the REST wherewith ye may cause the weary to REST; and this is the REFRESHING: yet they would not hear.”
Acts3:19–26
“Repent ye therefore, and be converted, that your sins may be blotted out, when the times of REFRESHING shall come from the presence of the Lord; and he shall send Jesus Christ, which before was preached unto you: whom the heaven must receive until the times of restitution of all things, which God hath spoken by the mouth of all his holy prophets since the world began. For Moses truly said unto the fathers, A PROPHET shall the Lord your God raise up unto you of your brethren, like unto me; him shall ye hear in all things whatsoever he shall say unto you. And it shall come to pass, that every soul, which will not hear that prophet, shall be destroyed from among the people. Yea, and all the prophets from Samuel and those that follow after, as many as have spoken, have likewise foretold of these days. Ye are the CHILDREN of the PROPHETS, and of the COVENANT which God made with our FATHERS, saying unto Abraham, And in thy seed shall all the kindreds of the earth be blessed. Unto you first God, having raised up his Son Jesus, sent him to bless you, in turning away every one of you from his iniquities.”
Deuteronomy 18:15–19
“The LORD thy God will raise up unto thee a Prophet from the midst of thee, of thy brethren, like unto me; unto him ye shall hearken; according to all that thou desiredst of the LORD thy God in HOREB in the DAY of the ASSEMBLY, saying, Let me not hear again the voice of the LORD my God, neither let me see this great fire any more, that I die not. And the LORD said unto me, They have well spoken that which they have spoken. I will raise them up a Prophet from among their brethren, like unto thee, and will put my words in his mouth; and he shall speak unto them all that I shall command him. And it shall come to pass, that whosoever will not hearken unto my words which he shall speak in my name, I will require it of him.”
Deuteronomy 10:1–5
“At that time the LORD said unto me, Hew thee two tables of stone like unto the first, and come up unto me into the mount, and make thee an ark of wood. And I will write on the tables the words that were in the first tables which thou brakest, and thou shalt put them in the ark. And I made an ark of shittim wood, and hewed two tables of stone like unto the first, and went up into the mount, having the two tables in mine hand. And he wrote on the tables, according to the first writing, the TEN COMMANDMENTS, which the LORD spake unto you in the mount out of the midst of the fire in the DAY OF ASSEMBLY: and the LORD gave them unto me. And I turned myself and came down from the mount, and put the tables in the ark which I had made; and there they be, as the LORD commanded me.”
John 5:42–43
“But I know you, that ye have not the love of God in you. I am come in my Father’s name, and ye receive me not: if another shall come in his own name, him ye will receive.”
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Isaiah 58:12–14
“And they that shall be of thee shall build the old waste places: thou shalt raise up the foundations of many generations; and thou shalt be called, The REPAIRER of the BREACH, The RESTORER of paths to dwell in. If thou turn away thy foot from the SABBATH, from doing thy pleasure on my holy day; and call the SABBATH a delight, the holy of the LORD, honourable; and shalt honour him, not doing thine own ways, nor finding thine own pleasure, nor speaking thine own words: then shalt thou delight thyself in the LORD; and I will cause thee to ride upon the high places of the earth, and feed thee with the heritage of Jacob thy father: for the mouth of the LORD hath spoken it.”
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